Makeup may function as a mask, especially in Oriental theatre, where faces may be painted with elaborate colours and images that exaggerate and distort facial features. In Western theatre, theatre makeup is used for two purposes: to emphasize and reinforce facial features that might otherwise be lost under bright lights or at a distance and to alter signs of age, skin tone, or nose shape. Most important apparatus of theatre makeup are: groundwork or foundation. It serves to soften surface, adding up a slight tint, provided a foundation for supplementary makeup is to be inserted . Rouges are used for toting up color to cheeks and classification to visage. Theatre makeup is a special element of the mask. Although rarely used in contemporary Western theatre, masks were essential in Greek and Roman drama and the commedia dell'arte and are used in most African and Oriental theatre. The masks of tragedy and of comedy, as used in ancient Greek drama, are in fact the universal symbols of the theatre. Masks obviate the use of the face for expression and communication and thus render the performer more puppet-like; expression depends solely on voice and gesture. Because the mask's expression is unchanging, the character's fate or final expression is known from the beginning, thereby removing one aspect of suspense. The mask shifts focus from the actor to the character and can thus clarify aspects of theme and plot and give a character a greater universality. Male and female roles, features of the mask, especially in the Orient, indicate symbolically significant aspects of the character. In large theatres masks can also aid in visibility. Shadows and highlights in theatre makeup are worn to draw a gloom line in a straight line above it, creating the illusion of a gasping out element (the tinted element) and a buried element (the shadowed fraction), which from a distance, with appropriate lighting, appears to be a wrinkle. Shadows and highlights are incured with a flat brush. Tint liners are fundamentally similar to rouges, shadows and get highlighted only in diverse colors. Moreover, they can be secondary for eye makeup, extraordinary effects, etc. Foundation, pencils and lipsticks are used for the identical reason on period as in avenue makeup. This can be both applied to make features of male and female roles. Creme makeup is trouble-free. The creme base is manufactured with a latex spume dab. Bar makeup, the so-called "pancake", is applied with a damp sponge plus it does not need to be set, or pulverized. It is "self-setting". Nevertheless, this means you will be unable to use creme makeups on pinnacle of it (like rouges or shadows). All theatre makeup used on pinnacle of pancake ought to be dried out or hard-pressed. It is far more intricate to mix together dehydrated makeup than creme. However, if you're making up a great chorus of adolescents, or covering big portions of one's body (arms, legs, etc.), then using pancake, or multiple layer cream,will save a lot of time when performing male and female roles.