Removal of a breast or its part in a surgical way is called mastectomy. The most widespread reason for mastectomy is the cancer of a breast. More often removal of a breast becomes a unique opportunity to rescue a life of a woman, but for many patients, who have undergone this operation, loss of a breast becomes a serious psychological and aesthetic problem. Women have always been concerned about the problem of mastectony supplies. In the Middle Ages, specialists tried to solve the problem with the help of special bulky metal designs which should simulate presence of a breast. Then, when organic chemistry and chemistry of polymers began developing rapidly, attachable prosthesis from a soft and spongy material came into a wide use. The applications of silicone prosthesis to women, who have had mastectomy, were made practice of in the middle of the 20th century. Such prosthesis consisted of a soft environment elasticity tester filled with silicone gel. Imperfections and drawbacks of manufacturing techniques of prosthesis and lack of the data on possible consequences and complications of their application have entailed certain restrictions of manufacture silicone implants for mastectony supplies. Now there are two basic kinds of breast prosthesis: attachable prosthesis replacing a breast or a part of a breast, and prosthesis, introduced in the operative way during surgery on the reconstruction of a breast. Mastectony supplies are really important. Attachable prosthesis is in most cases are custom-made, with the use of special materials consisting of silicone and silky polyurethane surfaces. The use of such prosthesis assumes carrying the special linen adjusting a bearing and symmetry of a breast. Though, the prosthesis only simulating the presence of a breast does not appeal to the majority of women. The women, who have undergone mastectomy, want to go back to normal life and lifestyle, to wear a décolleté and bathing suits, beautiful lingerie, to feel unashamed when being naked, not feeling shy about their appearance. There are three kinds prosthesis, which can be installed in the surgical way: the prosthesis filled with silicone gel, the prosthesis filled with saline solution or double lumen prosthesis. All three kinds of the given prosthesis have very dense environment with smooth or rough surface. At carrying out a surgery on reconstruction of a breast after mastectomy a surgeon, except for a breast prosthesis, uses a special histic dilator, which is an prosthesis used for a gradual stretching of skin. After the stretching of breast tissues the constant prosthesis is inserted. Mastectony supplies are recommended to be carried out practically simultaneously with the removal of a breast, though the installation of the prosthesis and after a while, after the termination of a rate of anticarcinogenic therapy is possible. However, it is necessary to note, that the procedure of silicone prosthesis installation is fraught with numerous complications about which each doctor is to inform the patient.