Louise's birth became the first stage of prompt development of IVF techniques. Technique of IVF is recommended for women who have some pathologies of reproductive system. To that pathologies concern impassability of uterine pipes, cysts on the ovaries, infringement activity of ovaries not clear genesis, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Technology of IVF can be applied as a result of a man being barren. In this case IVF is combined with special techniques of clarification of sperm or extraction of spermatozoa directly from testicle of men. However, there are certain IVF risks.
Technology of IVF will consist of several stages: the first stage is amplification of development at the patient of female sexual hormones with the help of special hormonal therapy. The following stage is extraction from mature ovaries. This operation is carried out under the obligatory control of ultrasonic. Then man's and female cells are
placed in the nutritious solution under certain conditions in order to limit IVF risks.
In the test tube there is merging of the male and female sexual cell. Process of division of the impregnated cell begins practically at once and lasts during 5-7 days. Doctors carefully check an embryo on presence of defects and then place it in the uterus of the woman. Viability of embryo occurs successfully in 20-25 % of cases.
Technique of IVF enables to become pregnant at enough serious pathologies of both female and man's reproductive system. However, certain IVF risks exist.
To a number of such IVF risks mistakes of medical staff concern. For example, in the United States, Netherlands and Great Britain there were cases when the medical staff by mistake entered to women another's spermatozoa or embryos. Thus, with one woman, twins of different race were born.
Besides one of the most widespread IVF risks are considered to be multiple pregnancies. Numerous researches have proven that in the case of carrying out IVF the risk of occurrence of multiple pregnancy increases in 2-4 times. However, multiple pregnancies considerably increase the risk of premature birth, births of children with insufficient weight or occurrence of patrimonial trauma. Cysts on the ovaries can occur as well.
Besides one of the IVF risks is the probability of having the child with serious enough congenital developmental anomalies, including ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome. According to some researches, children who were conceived with the help of IVF, have more probability of occurrence of such congenital defects as a disease of heart and kidneys, pathology of the top and bottom palate or pathology of genitals. Most frequently developmental anomalies of genitals are observed at boys who were conceived with the help of IVF. Cysts on the ovaries were also a concern for the female.
One of additional IVF risks is the negative action of hormonal therapy on the health of a woman. At carrying out of IVF it is possible to get an infection contamination of female sexual system, however at carrying out this procedure of qualified experts in special clinic, risk of infection contamination does not exceed 0.2-0.5 %.
Besides owing to hormonal therapy, the balance of hormones in a woman's body can be interrupted. Infringement of hormonal balance conducts to pathology of metabolism, dysfunction of kidneys and infringement of activity of endocrine systems.