Procedure of blastocyst embryo transfer for the first time has been led in the middle of the 20th century; however, the given operation has received a wide circulation only by the end of the 20th century.
Blastocyst embryo transfer consists in carrying of the embryo which is taking place at the stage of blastocyst, to cavity of the uterus. During blastocyst embryo transfer certain blastocyst transfer benefits and risks exist.
Blastocyst transfer benefits are that this technique of reproductive technologies allows becoming pregnant women with serious pathologies of sexual system. In the structure of these pathologies can be included: full or partial absence of ovaries or uterine pipes, pathology of endocrine system, infringement of the metabolism, hereditary genetic defects.
Besides during a man's infertility, blastocyst transfer benefits in case of infringement of normal and viable spermatozoa production, at dysfunction of hypothalamus and hypophysis, at hereditary genetic defects of a man's reproductive and hypothalamus systems. However, many doctors consider that blastocyst transfer benefits and risks are various and it is rather difficult to take into account all possible risks.
Nevertheless, at carrying out blastocyst embryo transfer there is certain risk of multiple pregnancies occurrence. Multiple pregnancies are serious enough risk even at normally proceeding pregnancy. In multiple pregnancies there is a risk of occurrence of premature birth, birth of small-sized and prematurely born children.
However, modern techniques of reproductive technologies allow avoiding occurrence of multiple pregnancy and fewer order muliple pregnancies. Some time the special technique allowing to fewer transferable embryos back has been developed. In this case, the quantity of embryos, transferable in cavity of the uterus is strictly supervised. Superfluous normal and viable embryos are exposed to genetic check.
To numerous scientific researches it has been proven that the embryos received in the artificial way have more hereditary defects, than embryos which were conceived naturally. Normal embryos are exposed to procedure of cryogenic preservation. Safety of viable embryos is provided by maintenance of constant low temperature.
The frozen embryos keep ability to the further growth and development for more than 10 years. During de-freezing, embryos and their implantations are placed n a cavity of the uterus; also exist original blastocyst transfer benefits and risks. Implantation of the defrosted embryo is complicated owing to condensation of an external coating; therefore experts can carry out the procedure of auxiliary hatching.
Planning to take advantage opportunities of reproductive technologies for conception and birth of the child, the married couple should consult necessarily the doctor. The gynecologist is obliged to give to the future parents the fullest information on all possible blastocyst transfer benefits and risks