Skin cancer is usually located on internal part of one's eye, temporal area, nose, cheeks, back and shoulders.
More often, basalioma represents a limited part of pink tissue, elevating above skin surface. Basalioma may decompose in the centre, where ulcered area with crust appears. People often consider that basalioma is acne. During its early stages, when there is no distribution on the surrounding tissues, basalioma does not cause pain.
Skin cancer may crumble, creating the skin ulcerations. They metastase to lymph nodes, that lead to its growth and compression. If the cancer affects the internal bodies, disturbance of their functions is observed.
Skin cancer usually develops on the ground of other skin modifications. Precancerous diseases are xeroderma pigmentosum, Paget's disease, Bowen's precancerous dermatosis, erythroplasia of Queyrat. These precancerous diseases are met rarely, develop slowly, but always lead to skin cancer.
In the case of the erythroplasia of Queyrat, the patch of fire-engine red color appears, without scales on the head of penis. Bowen's precancerous dermatosis manifests with a lot of brown or flesh-colored papulas on genitals.
The basic prevent measures of cancer are:
- Face and neck skin protection from long-term ultraviolet radiation, especially for elder people with white skin
- Skin dryness prevention
- Protection of scars from mechanical injury
- Forehanded treatment of skin precancerous diseases
Due to skin cancer overview, skin cancer prevalence researches show that the disease usually appears on open body areas, more than 70% tumors develop on face.
Skin cancer diagnosis is based on histological identification of suspicious skin areas. Skin cancer treatment is mostly surgical. It may be classical excision, cryodestruction, electrocoagulation. There are a lot of surgical methods and a choice of treatment depends not only on tumor's location, but also on skin cancer symptoms and prognosis.
Radiation therapy is assigned in those cases, when the tumor could not be removed by excision because of its location. Some tumors are removed with the help of low temperatures or with the help of juice. Cryogenic exposure is organized with the help of liquid nitrogen. Necrosis, caused by refrigeration, destroys the neoplasm. This method may be used in cases of superficial skin infiltration. The treatment with laser beam is also very effective. For total tumor removal one session may be enough.
Medicinal treatment is used as a component of combined treatment, which includes surgery, before- and after-surgery radiation therapy. Skin cancer prognosis is favorable in the cases of early outcrop after skin cancer overview. The percentage of survived in 5-year-term is 95%.
Skin cancer overview tells that skin cancer preventage includes exposion decreasing of physical and chemical cancirogens on skin (refusal from extra ultraviolet, tobacco smoking, and limitation of contacts with dangerous substances). Those who have cancerous predisposition need regular skin cancer overview at an oncologist.