Among numerous pathologies of vision organs, the glaucoma concerns to a number of the most dangerous diseases. In the healthy eye normal pressure changes from18 up to 22 mm of hg. Constant pressure is supported due to balance of inflow and outflow of liquid. At the glaucoma the circulation of liquid in an eye is broken, and pressure in cavity of an eye raises pathologically. Consequence increase of intraocular pressure can become destruction of an optic nerve therefore there occur an absolute blindness.
The first symptom of glaucoma is infringement of peripheral vision. The visibility range is considerably limited. Disease can pass in the form of attacks. During an attack there can come sudden loss of vision. At the heavy form of the disease loss of vision becomes irreversible.
Ophthalmologists allocate some forms of the glaucoma: closed, discovered and congenital. At closed form of glaucoma iris of eyes is a blocked corner of the forward chamber of an eye. As a result of it functioning drainage system of an eye will be disturbed. At discovered form of the glaucoma the reason infringement functions of drainage system is obscure till nowadays. At initial stages of the glaucoma ophthalmologists recommend the special program of medicamentous preparations which promote decrease in intraocular pressure. However, at a heavy stage of the glaucoma, glaucoma surgery is a necessary measure for preservation of vision.
At the disposal of modern ophthalmology two basic kinds of glaucoma surgery exist: bladed and laser surgery. However, in some clinics doctors can offer the combined operation. In case of closed glaucoma apply iridotomy and iridectomy. At the given kind of glaucoma surgery in the peripheral part of iris the small aperture is created. Through this aperture the intraocular liquid acts in the forward chamber of an eye. In some cases the part of iris can be removed. Thus, intraocular pressure is normalized.
At an open glaucoma the operation of trabeculoplasty is applied. This procedure is carried out for stretching of passes and channels in the drainage system of an eye. Operation is carried out with the help of the laser. The laser knife cleans channels of the drainage system, improving circulation of an intraocular liquid. As a result of an operation normal circulation of liquid in the cavity of an eye is restored.
However, it is necessary to note that glaucoma surgery is enough complex operation. In some cases postoperative complications and indispositions are probable. For carrying out of glaucoma surgery it is necessary to choose very closely ophthalmologic clinic as given operation demands use of high-quality materials, equipment and high professionalism of surgeons-ophthalmologists.
Besides it is necessary to note that, in opinion of the majority of doctors, glaucoma is hereditary disease. Therefore, if some of relatives in your family suffer from this disease, it is necessary for you to consult on the regular basis the ophthalmologist and to measure intraocular pressure. Duly preventive maintenance and treatment will help to avoid glaucoma surgery.