Group of materials closely allied to woolens that consists of epidermal hairs, owing to their form and the nature of the substance of which they are composed, they possess more lustre than the wools. They present structural differences from sheep wools which influence the process by which they are prepared or spun, and the character of the yarns; but the differences are only of subordinate moment. Various animal hairs, such as those of the cow, camel, chinchilla and rabit, are also employed; the latter is largely worked into the class of fabrics known as felts. In these, unlike beaver wool or cashmere wool, the hairs are compacted together by taking advantage of the peculiarity of structure which causes the imbrications of the surface. Horse hair is employed in its natural form as an individual filament or monofil. The varying spieces of the animal produce woolens of characteristic qualities, varying considerably in fineness, in length of staple, in composition and in spinning quality. Hence the classing of the fleeces or raw wool followed by the elaborate process of selection, i.e. "sorting" and preparation, which proceed the actual spinning or twisting of the yarn. These consist in entirely freeing the fibers abd sorting them mechanically (combing, thereafter forming them into continuous lengths of parallelized units. This is followed by the spinning process which consists in a simultaneous drawing and twisting, and a continuous production of the yarn with the structural characteristics of worsted yarns. This section of the industry is known as "woolens spinning" in contrast to "worsted spinning". Beaver wool and cashmere wool are parties to worsted spinning.



Woolens are manufactured out of wool, which is a modified form of hair, distinguished by its slender, soft and wavy or curly structure, and, as seen under microscope, by its highly imbricated or serrated surface. At what point an animal fiber ceases to be hair and becomes wool it is impossible to determine, because the one by imperceptible gradations merges into the other, so that a continuous chain can be formed from the finest and softest merino to the rigid bristles of the wild boar. Thus the fine soft wool of the Australian merino merges into the cross-bred of New Zealand; the cross-bred of New Zealand merges into the long English and lustre wool, which in turn merges into alpaca, beaver wool, cashmere wool with clearly marked but undeveloped scale structure. Again, such animals as chinchilla and the Cashmere goat yield fibers, which it would perhaps be difficult to class rigidly as either wool or hair.



Unlike many other woolens beaver cloth is often used for overcoating. And being probably one of the strongest of all the other woolens beaver cloth is also suitable for making hats of all kinds. But these days there is no need to search for some special natural materials when durability or similar qualities are needed. Great achievements of chemistry allow producing a great number of different synthetic fibers. They are usually strong and much more durable than any natural fiber. That is why manmade fibers are widely used in modern industries. But people still prefer natural fibers, so for making clothes natural fibers or mixtures of natural and manufactured fibers are used. Just by looking at the label of some of your clothing you can see a percentage of each material used in this piece of clothing, and in many cases garments have at least of 10% synthetic materials content.